Similarity- versus rule-based categorization
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Adjectival versus Nominal categorization processes: The Rule versus Similarity hypothesis
This paper presents the thesis that adjectives and nouns trigger processing by two different cognitive systems, those reported in the literature to be involved in the processing of rulebased versus similarity-based artificially construed categories, respectively. To support this thesis, the paper illuminates a number of links between findings reported in the literature concerning ruleversus sim...
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An induction-based method for retrieving similar cases and/or easily adaptable cases is presented in a 3-steps process : rst, a rule set is learned from a data set ; second, a reformulation of the problem domain is derived from this ruleset ; third, a surface similarity with respect to the reformulated problem appears to be a structural similarity with respect to the initial representation of t...
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A rule-based approach to categorization is compared with an exemplar-based approach. Both models were developed using the ACT-R architecture. Both approaches yield similar accuracy and are relatively impervious to varying model parameters. Implications for the nature of implicit and explicit knowledge and learning are discussed.
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We propose an extension of the resolution rule as the core of a logic programming language based on similarity. Starting from a fuzzy unification algorithm described in Ref. 2 and then extended in Ref. 10, we introduce a fuzzy resolution rule, based on an extended most general unifier supplied by the extended unification algorithm. In our approach, unification fades into a unification degree be...
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Forty participants assigned artificial creatures to categories after explicit rule instruction or feedback alone. Stimuli were typical and atypical exemplars of 2 categories with independent prototypes, conflicting exemplars sharing features of both categories, and "Others" with only 1 or 2 features of the well-defined categories. Ten feedback-only participants spontaneously adopted a unidimens...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Memory & Cognition
سال: 1994
ISSN: 0090-502X,1532-5946
DOI: 10.3758/bf03200864